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Elements of fiscal policy: taxation, expenditure, debt management, and monetary control Fiscal and monetary policy mix and the effects of budget deficit Fiscal theory of...

The rationale for the existence of the public sector Formulation of national policy Planning: principles, objectives, instruments, and implementation Balance of payments equilibrium and disequilibrium...

Income determination: from simple closed economy to a four-sector economy Detailed theories of consumption and investment functions The classical and Keynesian theories of employment and...

General equilibrium and disequilibrium: exchange economy First and second fundamental theorems of welfare economics Dynamic equilibrium analysis General equilibrium with consumption and production Derivation of...

Fundamental quantitative relationships and proofs of basic concepts Theory of games and applications to oligopoly models Production theory and market structures: Monopoly Monopsony Duopoly Oligopoly...

Models in economics: meaning, types, specifications, and application Basic elements of economic model building Factors affecting choice of models Regression analysis Causality analysis VAR (Vector...

The concept of research: types of research Choice of research topic Format for presentation of research report in economics: Designing the content of a research...

Basic distinguishing features of the bourgeois method of analysis and the dialectical method Historical materialism Classification of social systems Theory of social classes Marxist theory...

Long-term structural changes associated with development Growth and structural change: theories and implications One-sector models: Harrod–Domar model Two-sector models: Lewis dual-sector model Comparison with Fei-Ranis...

Nature and origin of development economics Development problems The new economic views of development Growth versus development Multi-disciplinary view of development and development economics Three...

Introduction to the concepts of population and demography Methods and theories of demography Introduction to population studies: understanding the causes, mechanisms, and consequences of demographic...

Balance of payments: adjustment mechanisms Foreign exchange market and balance of payment policies Fixed and flexible exchange rates Exchange control and convertibility International liquidity and...